bungkaka

kulibit

The Gangsa Ensemble of Highland Luzon Musical Instrument

Among the Kalinga people in the Cordillera region of Luzon Island, the gangsa is played in two ways. 

One way is called "toppaya" and the other is called "palook." 

In "toppaya" style, the musicians play the surface of the gangsa with their hand while in a sitting position, with a single gangsa resting on the lap of each musician. 

In the "palook" style, a gangsa is suspended from the musician's left hand and played with a padded stick held in the musician's right hand. 

In the "palook" style of playing, the players are standing, or they keep in step with the dancers while bending forward slightly.

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Kulintangan ensemble

Babandir part of the kulintang ensemble

The babandil is a single, narrow-rimmed Philippine Gong used primarily as the “timekeeper” of 

the Maguindanao kulintang ensemble.

The babandil usually has a diameter of roughly one foot making it larger than the largest kulintang gong and comparable to the diameter of the Agung or Gandingan. 

However, unlike the gandingan or the Agung, the babendil has a sunken boss which makes the boss relatively non-functional. 

Because of their sunken boss, babendils are instead struck either at the flange or the rim, using either bamboo betays or a strip of rattan, producing a sharp, distinctive metallic clang and are sometimes considered “false gongs.” 

In fact, this distinction makes the babendil classified as a bell in the Hornbo classification

 (if it were struck at the boss, it would be considered a gong.)

Babandils are normally made out of bronze but due to the scarcity of this metal in Mindanao, most gongs, including the babendil are made out of more common metal such as brass, iron and even tin-can.

The babendil could be played while standing or when seated with the babendil hung half a foot from the floor. Proper technique requires the player to hold the babendil vertically, angled away from the body, with the gong held at the rim between their thumb and four fingers. With their thumb parallel to the rim of the gong, the players strikes the rim of the gong using their betay to play fundamental patterns that are similar to the drum pattern on the dabakan or the beat of the lower-pitched agung.

The babendil traditionally could be played by either genders. In wooden kulintang ensembles, the kagul is usually substituted for the babendil part.

The name Babendil is derived from Arabic word, bandair, meaning "circular-type pan Arabic tambourine or frame drum by the scholars.